Study: Illegal Immigration Drives Up American Housing Prices
President Donald Trump and Vice President J.D. Vance have both repeatedly asserted that the Trump administration’s immigration policy — chiefly, deportations — will significantly ease economic burdens on Americans, especially in sectors like housing. A new report is confirming those statements as likely accurate.
According to the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, the millions of illegal immigrants ushered into the U.S. by former President Joe Biden and his administration drove up housing costs significantly, making it harder for American families to afford homes. “According to the U.S. Congressional Budget Office, net entry of this category of immigrants added roughly 7 million people to the U.S. population over 2021 to 2024 (1.75 million per year), nearly double that of legal immigration,” the Federal Reserve report found. “To put this growth in perspective, net unauthorized immigration — that is, immigration of individuals who entered the country without being formally admitted for purposes of immigration law — averaged only 0.1 million a year from 2000 to 2019 and was slightly negative from 2010 to 2019.”
“We then turn to the effects of unauthorized immigration on the broader local economy, focusing in particular on the housing market,” the report continued. Between 2021 and 2024, the price of housing increased by 2.2% and rent increased by 1.4% for every 1% that illegal immigration increased a locale’s population. “A back-of-the-envelope calculation suggests that [unauthorized immigrant worker flows] can explain about 30% of the total growth in house prices and 20% of total growth in rents over the boom period for the average local market,” the report concluded.
“Increased housing prices is one of many reasons why mass deportations are still needed,” said Lora Ries, director of the Heritage Foundation’s Border Security and Immigration Center, in comments to The Washington Stand. “We have at least 20 million deportable aliens in the U.S. Deporting millions of them will free up housing supply, bring down housing costs, allow young Americans to buy homes and start families. All of this is needed for America to thrive,” she continued. “Border security is half of the equation. Deportations are the other half.”
The Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas report findings are in line with the conclusions of other studies. A Housing and Urban Development (HUD) investigation last year similarly concluded that mass immigration drives up housing costs, particularly for low-income individuals and communities. The HUD report examined “worst-case housing needs, which it defined as Americans who are low-income but do not receive government assistance or welfare and who pay more than one-half of their income toward housing costs. “Between 2021 and 2023, cases of worst-case needs remained elevated at 8.46 million households, virtually the same as the 2019-to-2021 period,” the report found. “One key cause of elevated worst case needs is immigration.”
“Between 2021 and 2024, the foreign-born population of the United States increased by more than 6 million — the largest such increase over such a short period in American history,” HUD found. “The foreign-born population now stands at more than 53 million individuals, making up the highest share of the American population in history,” the report continued. “This immigration-driven increase in households has contributed to a significant increase in housing demand, thus driving up housing prices. In fact, in some markets, immigration has accounted for nearly all of the increase in housing demand in recent years.”
The HUD report found that economic growth over the same period “has been insufficient to lift the wages of low-income renting families high enough to make rent affordable.” The report further concluded that “national macroeconomic policies, such as record immigration, have combined to drive sustained high rental demand, which has continued to place upward pressure on rent prices.” Largely due to mass immigration, fewer than 60 affordable housing units were available per 100 American renters considered “very low-income,” HUD found, and fewer than 40 affordable units were available per 100 American renters considered “extremely low-income.”
Early last year, HUD signed a “memorandum of understanding” with the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) in an effort to collaborate to ensure that taxpayer-funded housing benefits are received by American citizens, not illegal immigrants. In places like Springfield, Ohio, where the Biden administration dumped tens of thousands of Haitian immigrants under temporary protected status (TPS), Americans have been driven out of their homes, with landlords often raising rent prices higher than American workers can afford in order to take advantage of the taxpayer-funded housing assistance afforded to foreign nationals.
“When we talk about housing and why costs are so high, we don’t talk enough about demand, and one of the drivers of increased housing demand is that we’ve got a lot of people over the last four years who have come into the country illegally,” Vance observed last year. “That’s something we have to work on if we want to meaningfully reduce the cost of housing. … We want Americans to be able to afford the American dream of home ownership.”


